The two largest civilisational states and the emerging powers of the global order, New Delhi and Beijing, are often perceived as strategic competitors in an evolving geopolitical landscape. This conventional narrative overlooks a much more complex strategic reality. There exists geopolitical rivalry along with deep economic interdependence and partial cooperation in global governance. Amid an increasingly multipolar international system, shifting supply chains, and intensifyi

The ocean has always represented a kind of duality for India: it has offered far-reaching opportunities while exposing subtle weaknesses. The extent of India’s maritime footprint, with 7,516 kilometres of coastline and more than 2.4 million sq kilometres of Exclusive Economic Zone, dwarfs India’s landmass. While the Indian Ocean Region holds strategic significance for India, it also represents the economic lifeblood of the world. Approximately 40% of the physical oil trade a

Ports are the backbone of a state’s economic integration as well as strategic military capabilities. Modern trade relies heavily on the...