When people think about the Strait of Hormuz, they usually think about oil. They picture giant tankers slowly moving through a narrow strip of water between Iran and Oman, carrying fuel to power cars, factories, and cities around the world. But for India, this thin stretch of water that is only 33 kilometres wide at its narrowest point is far more than an oil route. It is a critical lifeline that touches almost every part of the Indian economy. Illustration by The Geostrata

Global shipping, which constitutes the backbone of international trade and carries nearly 90% of world trade, now remains one of the most challenging sectors to decarbonise. As climate change intensifies, the maritime sector faces pressure to reduce its carbon footprint. Illustration by The Geostrata An international framework led by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has laid out pathways towards Global shipping, which constitutes the backbone of international t