For years, the plan of creating a powerhouse followed a very obvious path. From 19th-century Manchester to 20th-century Shenzhen, the way to prosperity was built on factory floors. The logic was obvious too: move millions of workers from low-productivity agriculture to high-productivity assembly lines. Under the Make in India as the main development strategy, India operated under this framework too. Illustration by The Geostrata As the world bank has warned, over the next dec